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Condition

Leukoplakia

Leukoplakia is a condition in which thick white patches form on the gums, inside the cheeks, under the tongue, or on the tongue itself; they can't be scraped off and are seen as potentially premalignant. Among supplements, beta-carotene and vitamin A have the most support, with the evidence rated moderate for each. Little research on leukoplakia has been reviewed here so far, so specific trial findings can't yet be described, and vitamin E, vitamin C and green tea extract have only limited evidence.

Supplements studied
1
Graded outcomes
0
Trials
1
People studied
87

Evidence by supplement

  • Strong
  • Moderate
  • Limited
  • Very limited

1 supplement

Spirulina: outcomes studied for Leukoplakia
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Oral Cancer SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)1 study87 people

Studies that measured oral cancer symptoms

The Oral Leukoplakia Support protocol

2 primary supplements · 3 supporting supplements

  • Beta-Carotene30–60 mg daily (under medical supervision)
  • Vitamin A (Retinoids)Prescription retinoids under medical supervision; oral vitamin A 25,000 IU/day with caution

See the full protocol

Studies cited

1 study from PubMed

  1. Evaluation of chemoprevention of oral cancer with Spirulina fusiformisNutr Cancer · PMID 8584455