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Condition

Mood Improvement

Mood is shaped by a balance of brain chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine, along with inflammation, the body's stress response and nutritional status. Saffron and vitamin D have the most support, and trials found anxiety symptoms improved with both, though the effects were small. The vitamin D trials were mostly in young girls with low levels and premenstrual mood troubles, and the saffron studies totaled only about 200 people, so the evidence is moderate at best.

Sources: PMID 31135916; PMID 26724745

Supplements studied
33
Graded outcomes
28
Trials
44
People studied
29,571

Evidence by supplement

  • Strong
  • Moderate
  • Limited
  • Very limited

33 supplements

Saffron

Saffron: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Anxiety Symptoms

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes down)Small effect6 studies208 people

Studies that measured anxiety symptoms

and 3 more on the Saffron page

Depression SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)18 studies208 people

Studies that measured depression symptoms

and 15 more on the Saffron page

Sleep QualityImproves (the measure goes up)1 study128 people

Studies that measured sleep quality

MoodImproves (the measure goes up)128 people
Obsession/compulsionImproves (the measure goes up)80 people
Stress Signs and SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)128 people

Vitamin D

Vitamin D: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Anxiety Symptoms

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes down)Small effect2 studies641 people

Studies that measured anxiety symptoms

Depression SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)5 studies24,189 people

Studies that measured depression symptoms

and 2 more on the Vitamin D page

Panax Ginseng (Korean Ginseng)

  • Cognition: improves
  • Subjective Well-Being: improves
  • Reaction Time: improves
Panax Ginseng (Korean Ginseng): outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Cognition

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes up)Small effect9 studies30 people

Studies that measured cognition

and 6 more on the Panax Ginseng (Korean Ginseng) page

Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)2 studies143 people

Studies that measured subjective well-being

Reaction TimeImproves (the measure goes up)1 study20 people

Studies that measured reaction time

MoodImproves (the measure goes up)30 people

Ashwagandha

  • Anxiety Symptoms: improves
  • Testosterone: improves
  • Cortisol: improves
Ashwagandha: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Anxiety Symptoms

Moderate Improvement

Improves (the measure goes down)Moderate effect5 studies60 people

Studies that measured anxiety symptoms

and 2 more on the Ashwagandha page

TestosteroneImproves (the measure goes up)5 studies60 people

Studies that measured testosterone

and 2 more on the Ashwagandha page

CortisolImproves (the measure goes down)1 study60 people

Studies that measured cortisol

Cannabidiol (CBD)

  • Anxiety Symptoms: improves
  • Attention: improves
  • Cognition: improves
Cannabidiol (CBD): outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Anxiety Symptoms

Moderate Improvement

Improves (the measure goes down)Moderate effect5 studies57 people

Studies that measured anxiety symptoms

and 2 more on the Cannabidiol (CBD) page

AttentionImproves (the measure goes up)60 people
CognitionImproves (the measure goes up)60 people
Depression SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)60 people
MoodImproves (the measure goes up)60 people
Working MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)60 people

Ginkgo Biloba

  • Memory: improves
  • Processing Speed: improves
  • Reaction Time: improves
Ginkgo Biloba: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Memory

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes up)Small effect3 studies20 people

Studies that measured memory

Processing SpeedImproves (the measure goes up)1 study20 people

Studies that measured processing speed

Reaction TimeImproves (the measure goes up)1 study20 people

Studies that measured reaction time

Numerical MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)20 people

Fish Oil

  • Aggression: improves
  • Depression Symptoms: improves
  • Anxiety Symptoms: improves
Fish Oil: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Aggression

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes up)Small effect2 studies305 people

Studies that measured aggression

Depression SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)14 studies385 people

Studies that measured depression symptoms

and 11 more on the Fish Oil page

Anxiety SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)1 study113 people

Studies that measured anxiety symptoms

Sleep QualityImproves (the measure goes up)1 study80 people

Studies that measured sleep quality

Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)1 study66 people

Studies that measured subjective well-being

AngerImproves (the measure goes down)272 people
Fatigue SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)33 people
HomocysteineImproves (the measure goes down)33 people
ImpulsivityImproves (the measure goes up)272 people
Negative affectImproves (the measure goes up)272 people
Processing AccuracyImproves (the measure goes up)33 people
Reaction TimeImproves (the measure goes up)33 people

Phosphatidylserine

  • Cognition: improves
  • Cortisol: improves
  • Fatigue Symptoms: improves
Phosphatidylserine: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Cognition

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes up)Small effect1 study18 people

Studies that measured cognition

CortisolImproves (the measure goes down)1 study18 people

Studies that measured cortisol

Fatigue SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)1 study18 people

Studies that measured fatigue symptoms

Processing AccuracyImproves (the measure goes up)18 people
Processing SpeedImproves (the measure goes up)18 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)18 people
TestosteroneImproves (the measure goes up)18 people

D-Serine

  • Anxiety Symptoms: improves
  • Reaction Time: improves
  • Attention: improves
D-Serine: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Anxiety Symptoms

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes down)Small effect35 people
Reaction TimeImproves (the measure goes up)1 study35 people

Studies that measured reaction time

AttentionImproves (the measure goes up)35 people
Serum BDNFImproves (the measure goes up)35 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)35 people
Verbal FluencyImproves (the measure goes up)35 people
Working MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)35 people

Lavender

  • Heart Rate: improves
  • Sedation: improves
  • Stress Signs and Symptoms: improves
Lavender: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Heart Rate

Small Decrease

Improves (the measure goes down)Small effect20 people
SedationImproves (the measure goes up)20 people
Stress Signs and SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)20 people

Kava

  • Cognition: improves
  • Subjective Well-Being: improves
  • Reaction Time: improves
Kava: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Cognition

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes up)Small effect20 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)3 studies20 people

Studies that measured subjective well-being

Reaction TimeImproves (the measure goes up)1 study20 people

Studies that measured reaction time

Tongkat Ali

  • Cortisol: improves
  • Testosterone: improves
  • Stress Signs and Symptoms: changes; see studies
Tongkat Ali: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Cortisol

Small Decrease

Improves (the measure goes down)Small effect63 people
TestosteroneImproves (the measure goes up)4 studies63 people

Studies that measured testosterone

and 1 more on the Tongkat Ali page

Stress Signs and SymptomsChanges; see studies63 people

Green Tea Extract

  • Cerebral Blood Flow: worsens
  • Cognition: improves
  • Heart Rate: improves
Green Tea Extract: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Cerebral Blood Flow

Small Decrease

Worsens (the measure goes down)Small effect27 people
CognitionImproves (the measure goes up)2 studies27 people
Heart RateImproves (the measure goes down)1 study27 people

Bacopa Monnieri

  • Anxiety Symptoms: improves
  • Memory: improves
  • Attention: improves
Bacopa Monnieri: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Anxiety Symptoms

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes down)Small effect48 people
MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)12 studies48 people
AttentionImproves (the measure goes up)48 people
Depression SymptomsChanges; see studies48 people

Rose Essential Oil

  • Breathing Rate: improves
  • CNS activity: changes; see studies
Rose Essential Oil: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Breathing Rate

Small Decrease

Improves (the measure goes down)Small effect40 people
CNS activityChanges; see studies40 people

Curcumin

  • Anxiety Symptoms: improves
  • Depression Symptoms: improves
Curcumin: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Anxiety Symptoms

Large Improvement

Improves (the measure goes down)Large effect35 people
Depression SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)9 studies35 people

Peppermint

  • Attention: improves
  • Stress Signs and Symptoms: improves
  • Memory: improves
Peppermint: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Attention

Small Improvement

Improves (the measure goes up)Small effect144 people
Stress Signs and SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)1 study144 people
MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)144 people
Processing AccuracyImproves (the measure goes up)144 people
Processing SpeedImproves (the measure goes up)144 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)144 people
Working MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)144 people

Iron

  • Aerobic Exercise Metrics
  • Depression Symptoms: improves
Iron: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Aerobic Exercise Metrics

No effect

NoneNo effect2 studies219 people
Depression SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)1 study219 people

Cocoa Extract

  • Attention
  • Memory: improves
  • Stress Signs and Symptoms: improves
Cocoa Extract: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Attention

No effect

NoneNo effect2 studies72 people
MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)72 people
Stress Signs and SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)72 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)72 people
Working MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)72 people

Cannabis

  • Attention
  • Heart Rate: improves
  • Mood: improves
Cannabis: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Attention

No effect

NoneNo effect1 study151 people
Heart RateImproves (the measure goes down)4 studies28 people
MoodImproves (the measure goes up)2 studies151 people
Depression SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)1 study60 people
Motor ControlImproves (the measure goes up)1 study91 people
CognitionImproves (the measure goes up)151 people
ConfusionImproves (the measure goes up)28 people
Fatigue SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)91 people
Verbal MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)91 people
Working MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)60 people

Chlorogenic Acid

  • Cognition
  • Subjective Well-Being: improves
Chlorogenic Acid: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Cognition

No effect

NoneNo effect1 study39 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)1 study39 people

Bitter orange

  • Alertness
  • Appetite: changes; see studies
  • Anxiety Symptoms: changes; see studies
Bitter orange: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Alertness

No effect

NoneNo effect50 people
AppetiteChanges; see studies1 study50 people
Anxiety SymptomsChanges; see studies50 people
HeadachesChanges; see studies50 people
Heart RateChanges; see studies50 people
Metabolic RateImproves (the measure goes up)50 people
SedationImproves (the measure goes up)50 people

Maca

  • Blood glucose
  • Libido: improves
  • Fatigue Symptoms: improves
Maca: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Blood glucose

No effect

NoneNo effect197 people
LibidoImproves (the measure goes up)1 study197 people
Fatigue SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)197 people
HemoglobinImproves (the measure goes up)197 people
Quality of LifeImproves (the measure goes up)197 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)197 people

Vitamin E

  • Bleeding Time
  • Total cholesterol: improves
  • Triglycerides: improves
Vitamin E: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Bleeding Time

No effect

NoneNo effect184 people
Total cholesterolImproves (the measure goes down)2 studies184 people
TriglyceridesImproves (the measure goes down)2 studies184 people
Serum T4Improves (the measure goes up)1 study184 people
Lymphocyte CountImproves (the measure goes up)184 people
Serum T3Improves (the measure goes up)184 people
Sexual FunctionImproves (the measure goes up)184 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)184 people

Theanine

  • Alertness
  • Reaction Time: improves
  • Attention: improves
Theanine: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Alertness

No effect

NoneNo effect86 people
Reaction TimeImproves (the measure goes up)5 studies24 people
AttentionImproves (the measure goes up)4 studies48 people
Executive FunctionImproves (the measure goes up)3 studies38 people
Anxiety SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)2 studies14 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)2 studies76 people
CortisolImproves (the measure goes down)1 study38 people
Heart RateImproves (the measure goes down)1 study24 people
Fatigue SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)24 people
HeadachesImproves (the measure goes down)24 people
Numerical MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)24 people
Processing AccuracyImproves (the measure goes up)24 people
Processing SpeedImproves (the measure goes up)24 people
Vigor/ActivityImproves (the measure goes up)14 people
Working MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)24 people

DHEA

  • Cognition
  • Libido
  • Subjective Well-Being
DHEA: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Cognition

No effect

NoneNo effect225 people
Libido

No effect

1 study225 people
Subjective Well-Being

No effect

1 study225 people
Depression SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)225 people

Rhodiola Rosea

  • Metabolic Rate
  • Rating of Perceived Exertion: improves
  • Subjective Well-Being: improves
Rhodiola Rosea: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Metabolic Rate

No effect

NoneNo effect10 people
Rating of Perceived ExertionImproves (the measure goes up)10 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)10 people

Creatine

  • Adrenaline
  • Subjective Well-Being: improves
  • Attention: improves
Creatine: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Adrenaline

No effect

NoneNo effect19 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)3 studies19 people
AttentionImproves (the measure goes up)1 study19 people
MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)1 study19 people
CortisolImproves (the measure goes down)19 people
DopamineImproves (the measure goes up)19 people
Fatigue SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)19 people
NoradrenalineImproves (the measure goes up)19 people
Sleep Deprivation SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)19 people

Lemon Balm

  • Memory: improves
  • Alertness: worsens
  • Attention: improves
Lemon Balm: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)2 studies50 people
Alertness

Moderate Detriment

Worsens (the measure goes down)Moderate effect15 people
AttentionImproves (the measure goes up)20 people
Processing SpeedImproves (the measure goes up)20 people
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)15 people
Working MemoryImproves (the measure goes up)35 people

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

  • Anxiety Symptoms: improves
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Anxiety SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)2 studies2,189 people

Zinc

  • Subjective Well-Being: improves
Zinc: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)1 study387 people

Kanna

  • Heart Rate: improves
Kanna: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Heart RateImproves (the measure goes down)1 study37 people

Vitamin C

  • Subjective Well-Being: improves
Vitamin C: outcomes studied for Mood Improvement
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Subjective Well-BeingImproves (the measure goes up)1 study55 people

Key findings

  • Anxiety SymptomsSaffronImproves (the measure goes down)
  • CognitionPanax Ginseng (Korean Ginseng)Improves (the measure goes up)
  • MemoryGinkgo BilobaImproves (the measure goes up)

The Mood Support & Emotional Wellbeing protocol

2 primary supplements · 2 supporting supplements

See the full protocol

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The supplements graded A or B for Mood Improvement. Each opens the products we list for that supplement.

  • Grade B
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Studies cited

100 studies from PubMed

  1. The Effect of L-Theanine Incorporated in a Functional Food Product (Mango Sorbet) on Physiological Responses in Healthy Males: A Pilot Randomised Controlled TrialFoods, 2020 · PMID 32210015
  2. Supplemented zinc does not alter mood in healthy older European adults--a randomised placebo-controlled trial: the Zenith studyPublic Health Nutr · PMID 21272413
  3. Effects of elevated d-alpha(RRR)-tocopherol dosage in manJ Nutr Sci Vitaminol · PMID 2732807
  4. Megavitamin E supplementation in manAm J Clin Nutr · PMID 803000
  5. Study on the effect of megavitamin E supplementation in manAm J Clin Nutr · PMID 347918
  6. Plasma transforming growth factor-beta1 level and efficacy of alpha-tocopherol in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot studyAliment Pharmacol Ther · PMID 11564008
  7. Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitisN Engl J Med · PMID 20427778
  8. Vitamin D protects against depression: Evidence from an umbrella meta-analysis on interventional and observational meta-analyses.Pharmacol Res · PMID 36509315
  9. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Psychol Med · PMID 39552387
  10. Effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on depressive symptoms, C-peptide, serotonin, and neurotrophin-3 in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Narra J · PMID 39816051
  11. Vitamin D Supplementation for Premenstrual Syndrome-Related Mood Disorders in Adolescents with Severe Hypovitaminosis DJ Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol · PMID 26724745
  12. The Effect of Vitamin D Supplement Consumption on Premenstrual Syndrome in Vitamin D-Deficient Young Girls: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical TrialComplement Med Res · PMID 31104056
  13. Evaluating the effects of vitamin D and vitamin E supplement on premenstrual syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trialIran J Nurs Midwifery Res · PMID 27095989
  14. Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptoms in older patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Front Med · PMID 39450108
  15. Vitamin C provision improves mood in acutely hospitalized patientsNutrition · PMID 20688474
  16. Tongkat Ali as a potential herbal supplement for physically active male and female seniors--a pilot study.Phytother Res · PMID 23754792
  17. Effect of Eurycoma longifolia standardised aqueous root extract-Physta ® on testosterone levels and quality of life in ageing male subjects: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre studyFood Nutr Res · PMID 34262417
  18. The effect of Eurycoma Longifolia on the regulation of reproductive hormones in young males.Andrologia · PMID 33559971
  19. Standardised water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat ali, as testosterone booster for managing men with late-onset hypogonadism?Andrologia · PMID 21671978
  20. L-theanine relieves positive, activation, and anxiety symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-center studyJ Clin Psychiatry · PMID 21208586
  21. Serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cortisol to sulfate of dehydroepiandrosterone molar ratio associated with clinical response to L-theanine as augmentation of antipsychotic therapy in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder patientsClin Neuropharmacol · PMID 21617527
  22. Effects of L-theanine or caffeine intake on changes in blood pressure under physical and psychological stressesJ Physiol Anthropol · PMID 23107346
  23. The Effects of Green Tea Amino Acid L-Theanine Consumption on the Ability to Manage Stress and Anxiety Levels: a Systematic Review.Plant Foods Hum Nutr · PMID 31758301
  24. L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responsesBiol Psychol · PMID 16930802
  25. Effects of chronic l-theanine administration in patients with major depressive disorder: an open-label studyActa Neuropsychiatr · PMID 27396868
  26. L-theanine improves neurophysiological measures of attention in a dose-dependent manner: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.Nutr Neurosci · PMID 32777998
  27. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effects of caffeine and L-theanine both alone and in combination on cerebral blood flow, cognition and moodPsychopharmacology · PMID 25761837
  28. L-theanine and caffeine in combination affect human cognition as evidenced by oscillatory alpha-band activity and attention task performanceJ Nutr · PMID 18641209
  29. Effects of l-Theanine on Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Subjects: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled StudyJ Med Food · PMID 33751906
  30. Caffeine and theanine exert opposite effects on attention under emotional arousalCan J Physiol Pharmacol · PMID 28044450
  31. Effects of L-Theanine Administration on Stress-Related Symptoms and Cognitive Functions in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled TrialNutrients · PMID 31623400
  32. Time for tea: mood, blood pressure and cognitive performance effects of caffeine and theanine administered alone and togetherPsychopharmacology · PMID 17891480
  33. Assessing the effects of caffeine and theanine on the maintenance of vigilance during a sustained attention taskNeuropharmacology · PMID 22326943
  34. l-Theanine and caffeine improve target-specific attention to visual stimuli by decreasing mind wandering: a human functional magnetic resonance imaging studyNutr Res · PMID 29420994
  35. The effects of L-theanine, caffeine and their combination on cognition and moodBiol Psychol · PMID 18006208
  36. Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine-caffeine combination on attentionNutr Neurosci · PMID 26869148
  37. Comparison of Saffron versus Fluoxetine in Treatment of Mild to Moderate Postpartum Depression: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical TrialPharmacopsychiatry · PMID 27595298
  38. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of saffron stigma (Crocus sativus L.) in mothers suffering from mild-to-moderate postpartum depressionPhytomedicine · PMID 29157808
  39. Efficacy and Safety of Crocus sativus L. in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: One Year Single-Blind Randomized, with Parallel Groups, Clinical TrialJ Alzheimers Dis · PMID 27472878
  40. Effects of Saffron on Cognition, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled TrialJ Altern Complement Med · PMID 29185780
  41. Saffron ( Crocus sativus) versus duloxetine for treatment of patients with fibromyalgia: A randomized double-blind clinical trialAvicenna J Phytomed · PMID 30456199
  42. Stepped approach to improving sexual function after gynaecological cancer: the SAFFRON feasibility RCTHealth Technol Assess · PMID 30798790
  43. affron ®, a standardised extract from saffron (Crocus sativus L.) for the treatment of youth anxiety and depressive symptoms: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled studyJ Affect Disord · PMID 29510352
  44. Effect of saffron on fluoxetine-induced sexual impairment in men: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trialPsychopharmacology · PMID 22552758
  45. Study the effects of saffron on depression and lipid profiles: A double blind comparative studyAsian J Psychiatr · PMID 26611571
  46. Crocus sativus L. in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trialPhytother Res · PMID 15852492
  47. Comparison of Crocus sativus L. and imipramine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a pilot double-blind randomized trial ISRCTN45683816BMC Complement Altern Med · PMID 15341662
  48. Hydro-alcoholic extract of Crocus sativus L. versus fluoxetine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized pilot trialJ Ethnopharmacol · PMID 15707766
  49. Efficacy of a standardised saffron extract (affron®) as an add-on to antidepressant medication for the treatment of persistent depressive symptoms in adults: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled studyJ Psychopharmacol · PMID 31475623
  50. Efficacy of Crocus sativus (saffron) in treatment of major depressive disorder associated with post-menopausal hot flashes: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trialArch Gynecol Obstet · PMID 29332222
  51. Comparison of petal of Crocus sativus L. and fluoxetine in the treatment of depressed outpatients: a pilot double-blind randomized trialProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · PMID 17174460
  52. A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial comparing the efficacy and safety of Crocus sativus L. with fluoxetine for improving mild to moderate depression in post percutaneous coronary intervention patientsJ Affect Disord · PMID 24289892
  53. Crocus sativus L. (petal) in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trialPhytomedicine · PMID 16979327
  54. Saffron improved depression and reduced homocysteine level in patients with major depression: A Randomized, double-blind studyAvicenna J Phytomed · PMID 29387573
  55. Crocus Sativus L. (saffron) versus sertraline on symptoms of depression among older people with major depressive disorders-a double-blind, randomized intervention studyPsychiatry Res · PMID 31669837
  56. Effect of saffron supplementation on symptoms of depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysisNutr Rev · PMID 31135916
  57. Effect of Saffron Versus Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) in Treatment of Depression and Anxiety: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutr Rev · PMID 38913392
  58. A double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in the treatment of anxiety and depressionJ Complement Integr Med · PMID 27101556
  59. The effects of alcoholic extract of saffron (Crocus satious L.) on mild to moderate comorbid depression-anxiety, sleep quality, and life satisfaction in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trialComplement Ther Med · PMID 30477839
  60. Crocus sativus L. versus Citalopram in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder with Anxious Distress: A Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical TrialPharmacopsychiatry · PMID 27701683
  61. affron ® a novel saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) improves mood in healthy adults over 4 weeks in a double-blind, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trialComplement Ther Med · PMID 28735826
  62. Effects of phosphatidylserine on exercise capacity during cycling in active malesMed Sci Sports Exerc · PMID 16394955
  63. The effects of IQPLUS Focus on cognitive function, mood and endocrine response before and following acute exerciseJ Int Soc Sports Nutr · PMID 22017963
  64. Phosphatidylserine containing omega-3 fatty acids may improve memory abilities in non-demented elderly with memory complaints: a double-blind placebo-controlled trialDement Geriatr Cogn Disord · PMID 20523044
  65. Modulation of cognitive performance and mood by aromas of peppermint and ylang-ylangInt J Neurosci · PMID 18041606
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Supplement stack for Mood Improvement