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Condition

Septic Shock

Septic shock is a life-threatening drop in blood pressure after a severe infection, when widened, leaky blood vessels leave organs short of blood flow. Angiotensin II, a hormone that tightens blood vessels, has strong evidence behind it: in one trial, 70% of people reached a target blood pressure within three hours, versus 23% on placebo. Those participants had shock that resisted standard drugs, so results mostly apply to that group.

Supplements studied
0
Medicines and peptides
1
Graded outcomes
4
No supplement studies yetWe haven’t found supplement studies for Septic Shock. The medicines and peptides studied for it are listed below.

Prescription medicines and peptides studied, for context

These are not supplements. Most need a prescription, and some are research compounds with no approved use.

1 medicine or peptide

Angiotensin II

Angiotensin II: outcomes studied for Septic Shock
GradeOutcomeEffectSizeStudiesPeopleStudies list
Thromboembolic Events

SAFETY CONCERN: ATHOS-3: 13% vs 5% thromboembolic events (DVT, arterial). Major imbalance in DVT. Concurrent DVT prophylaxis required. Systematic review (n=1,461): Similar rates in larger observational data (8.8% vs 9.4% VTE).

Worsens (the measure goes down)Moderate effect45 studies

Studies that measured thromboembolic events

and 42 more on the Angiotensin II page

Mean Arterial Pressure Response

ATHOS-3 (n=321): 70% achieved MAP ≥75 mmHg or ≥10 mmHg increase at 3h vs 23% placebo (P<0.001). 45% absolute increase in responders. Effective in catecholamine-resistant shock.

Improves (the measure goes up)Large effect44 studies

Studies that measured mean arterial pressure response

and 41 more on the Angiotensin II page

Vasopressor Dose Reduction

ATHOS-3: Significant reduction in background vasopressor requirements. Catecholamine-sparing effect allows reduction of norepinephrine doses. May reduce catecholamine toxicity.

Improves (the measure goes down)Moderate effect44 studies

Studies that measured vasopressor dose reduction

and 41 more on the Angiotensin II page

28-Day Mortality

ATHOS-3: No significant mortality difference (46% vs 54%, P=0.12). Study not powered for mortality. Post-hoc AKI/RRT subgroup: 53% vs 30% survival (P=0.012). Mortality benefit uncertain.

NoneNo effect44 studies

Studies that measured 28-day mortality

and 41 more on the Angiotensin II page

Key findings

  • Thromboembolic EventsAngiotensin IIWorsens (the measure goes down)
  • Mean Arterial Pressure ResponseAngiotensin IIImproves (the measure goes up)
  • Vasopressor Dose ReductionAngiotensin IIImproves (the measure goes down)

Safety notes in the studies

  • May reduce catecholamine toxicity.

Studies cited

45 studies from PubMed

  1. Angiotensin-II and Thromboembolic Events: A Systematic ReviewPharmacotherapy, 2024 · PMID 39637259
  2. Angiotensin II (Giapreza): A Distinct Mechanism for the Treatment of Vasodilatory ShockCardiol Rev, 2019 · PMID 30601161
  3. Angiotensin II for the Treatment of Vasodilatory ShockN Engl J Med, 2017 · PMID 28528561
  4. Angiotensin II receptor blockers: review of the binding characteristics.The American journal of cardiology, 1999 · PMID 10588088
  5. Light Therapy for Older People with Depressive Symptoms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.J Clin Med · PMID 39598126
  6. Effects of aerobic exercise on beta-amyloid, insulin resistance, and blood markers in obese middle-aged women.Phys Act Nutr · PMID 39934629
  7. A controlled trial of selegiline, alpha-tocopherol, or both as treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative StudyN Engl J Med · PMID 9110909
  8. Effect of vitamin E and memantine on functional decline in Alzheimer disease: the TEAM-AD VA cooperative randomized trialJAMA · PMID 24381967
  9. Vitamin E for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment.Cochrane Database Syst Rev · PMID 28418065
  10. Vitamin E and donepezil for the treatment of mild cognitive impairmentN Engl J Med · PMID 15829527
  11. Effects of vitamin E supplementation on the risk and progression of AD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutr Neurosci · PMID 30900960
  12. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive function and blood Aβ-related biomarkers in older adults with Alzheimer's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trialJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry · PMID 31296588
  13. A 22-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind controlled trial of Crocus sativus in the treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's diseasePsychopharmacology · PMID 19838862
  14. Comparing the efficacy and safety of Crocus sativus L. with memantine in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease: a double-blind randomized clinical trialHum Psychopharmacol · PMID 25163440
  15. Saffron in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 16-week, randomized and placebo-controlled trialJ Clin Pharm Ther · PMID 20831681
  16. Resveratrol supplementation significantly influences obesity measures: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Obes Rev · PMID 30515938
  17. Effectiveness of probiotic supplements on cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Gen Hosp Psychiatry · PMID 41237466
  18. Efficacy of probiotic supplementation in influencing cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.J Food Sci · PMID 40709497
  19. The effect of probiotics on select cognitive domains in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.J Alzheimers Dis Rep · PMID 40034358
  20. Long-term and high-dose piracetam treatment of Alzheimer's diseaseNeurology · PMID 8437693
  21. Effects of phosphatidylserine in Alzheimer's diseasePsychopharmacol Bull · PMID 1609044
  22. Double-blind cross-over study of phosphatidylserine vs. placebo in patients with early dementia of the Alzheimer typeEur Neuropsychopharmacol · PMID 1633433
  23. Heat-processed ginseng enhances the cognitive function in patients with moderately severe Alzheimer's diseaseNutr Neurosci · PMID 22780999
  24. An open-label trial of Korean red ginseng as an adjuvant treatment for cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's diseaseEur J Neurol · PMID 18684311
  25. Panax ginseng enhances cognitive performance in Alzheimer diseaseAlzheimer Dis Assoc Disord · PMID 18580589
  26. Improvement of cognitive deficit in Alzheimer's disease patients by long term treatment with korean red ginsengJ Ginseng Res · PMID 23717092
  27. Treatment trial of oxiracetam in Alzheimer's diseaseArch Neurol · PMID 1444879
  28. Cognitive efficacy of omega‑3 fatty acids in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.Biomed Rep · PMID 39991006
  29. Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCTs) for the Symptomatic Treatment of Dementia-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review.J Nutr Metab · PMID 38715705
  30. Medium-chain fatty acids for the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysisNutr Rev · PMID 36633304
  31. Medium Chain Triglycerides induce mild ketosis and may improve cognition in Alzheimer's disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis of human studiesAgeing Res Rev · PMID 31870908
  32. Prevention of Early Alzheimer's Disease by Erinacine A-Enriched Hericium erinaceus Mycelia Pilot Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled StudyFront Aging Neurosci · PMID 32581767
  33. Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Study of Cognition Effects of the Proprietary Extract Sceletium tortuosum (Zembrin) Targeting Phosphodiesterase-4 in Cognitively Healthy Subjects: Implications for Alzheimer's DementiaEvid Based Complement Alternat Med · PMID 25389443
  34. Inositol treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a double blind, cross-over placebo controlled trialProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · PMID 8843494
  35. A phase 2 randomized trial of ELND005, scyllo-inositol, in mild to moderate Alzheimer diseaseNeurology · PMID 21917766
  36. Long-term use of standardised Ginkgo biloba extract for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease (GuidAge): a randomised placebo-controlled trialLancet Neurol · PMID 22959217
  37. Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® in dementia with neuropsychiatric features: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial to confirm the efficacy and safety of a daily dose of 240 mgJ Psychiatr Res · PMID 22459264
  38. Efficacy and tolerability of a once daily formulation of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: results from a randomised controlled trialPharmacopsychiatry · PMID 22086747
  39. Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761(R), donepezil or both combined in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with neuropsychiatric features: a randomised, double-blind, exploratory trialAging Ment Health · PMID 19347685
  40. Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: a randomized trialJAMA · PMID 21045096
  41. Effect of six months of treatment with V0191 in patients with suspected prodromal Alzheimer's diseaseJ Alzheimers Dis · PMID 22330824
  42. Six-month randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot clinical trial of curcumin in patients with Alzheimer diseaseJ Clin Psychopharmacol · PMID 18204357
  43. Efficacy of Bacopa Monnieri (Brahmi) and Donepezil in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Double-Blind Parallel Phase 2b StudyAnn Indian Acad Neurol · PMID 33688125
  44. Down syndrome and dementia: a randomized, controlled trial of antioxidant supplementationAm J Med Genet A · PMID 21739598
  45. Cognitive improvement in mild to moderate Alzheimer's dementia after treatment with the acetylcholine precursor choline alfoscerate: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trialClin Ther · PMID 12637119